Title: 10 Essential Maxims in Commercial Law

This document presents the 10 fundamental principles in commercial law, as outlined by legal expert Jordan Maxwell. These maxims serve as key guidelines for conducting business transactions and resolving legal disputes within the commercial realm. By understanding and applying these principles, individuals and organizations can navigate the complexities of commercial law with confidence and promote fair and ethical business practices.

In the realm of commercial law, it is imperative to adhere to certain fundamental principles. These maxims serve as guiding principles to ensure fair and equitable business practices. Delving into topics such as contracts, transactions, and legal obligations, this document provides a comprehensive overview of the essential principles that govern commercial law. Authored by renowned legal expert Jordan Maxwell, this authoritative guide is a must-have resource for legal professionals and business practitioners alike.

1. WORKMAN IS WORTHY OF HIS HIRE. The first of these is expressed in Exodus 20:15; Lev. 19:13; Mat. 10:10; Luke 10″7; II Tim. 2:6. Legal maxim: “It is against equity for freemen not to have the free disposal of their own property.”

2. The second maxim is “Equality before the law” or more precisely, ALL ARE EQUAL UNDER THE LAW. (God’s Law – Moral and Natural Law). Exodus 21:23-25; Lev. 24: 17-21; Deut. 1;17, 19:21; Mat. 22:36-40; Luke 10:17; Col. 3:25. “No one is above the law”. This is founded on both Natural and Moral law and is binding on everyone. For someone to say , or acts as though, he is “above the law” is insane. This is the major insanity in the world today. Man continues to live, act, believe, and form systems, organizations, governments, laws and processes which presume to be able to supersede or abrogate Natural or Moral Law. But, under commercial law, Natural and Moral Law are binding on everyone, and no one can escape it. Commerce, by the law of nations, ought to be common, and not to be converted into a monopoly and the private gain of the few.

3. This one is one of the most comforting maxims one could have, and your foundation for your peace-of-mind and your security and your capacity to win and triumph — to get your remedy — in this business. IN COMMERCE TRUTH IS SOVEREIGN. (Exodus 20:16; Ps. 117:2; John 8:32; II Cor. 13:8 ).Truth is sovereign — and the Sovereign tells only the truth. Your word is your bond. If truth were not sovereign in commerce, i.e., all human action and inter-relations, there would be no basis for anything. No basis for law and order, no basis no accountability, there would be no standards, no capacity to resolve anything. It would mean “anything goes”, “each man for himself”, and “nothing matters”. That’s worse than the law of the jungle. Commerce. “To lie is to go against the mind”. Oriental proverb: “Of all that is good, sublimity is supreme.”

4. TRUTH IS EXPRESSED IN THE FORM OF AN AFFIDAVIT. (Lev. 5:4-5; Lev. 6:3-5; Lev. 19:11-13: Num. 30:2; Mat. 5:33; James 5: 12). An affidavit is your solemn expression of your truth. In commerce, an affidavit must be accompanied and must underlay and form the foundation for any commercial transaction whatsoever. There can be no valid commercial transaction without someone putting their neck on the line and stated, “this is true, correct, complete and not meant to mislead.” When you issue an affidavit, it is a two edged sword; it cuts both ways. Someone has to take responsibility for saying that it is a real situation. It can be called a true bill, as they say in the Grand Jury. When you issue an affidavit in commerce you get the power of an affidavit. You also incur the liability, because this has to be a situation where other people might be adversely affected by it. Things change by your affidavit, in which are going to affect people’s lives. If what you say in your affidavit is, in fact, not true, then those who are adversely affected can come back at you with justifiable recourse because you lied. You have told a lie as if it were the truth. People depend on your affidavit and then they have lost because you lied.

5. AN UNREBUTTED AFFIDAVIT STANDS AS TRUTH IN COMMERCE. (12 Pet. 1:25; Heb. 6:13-15;) Claims made in your affidavit, if not rebutted, emerge as the truth of the matter. Legal Maxim: “He who does deny, admits.”

6. AN UNREBUTTED AFFIDAVIT BECOMES THE JUDGMENT IN COMMERCE. (Heb. 6:16-17;). There is nothing left to resolve. Any proceeding in a court, tribunal, or arbitration forum consists of a contest, or duel, of commercial affidavits wherein the points remaining unrebutted in the end stand as truth and matters to which the judgment of the law is applied.

7. IN COMMERCE FOR ANY MATTER TO BE RESOLVED MUST BE EXPRESSED. (Heb. 4:16; Phil. 4:6; Eph. 6:19-21). No one is a mind reader. You have to put your position out there, you have to state what the issue is, to have someone to talk about and resolve. Legal Maxim: “He who fails to assert his rights has none.)

8. The primary users of commercial law and those who best understand and codified it in Western Civilization are the Jews. This is Mosaic Law they have had for more than 3500 years past which is based upon Babylonian commerce. This one is: HE WHO LEAVES THE BATTLEFIELD FIRST LOSES BY DEFAULT. (Book of Job; Mat. 10:22; This means that an affidavit which is unrebutted point for point stands as “truth in commerce” because it hasn’t been rebutted and has left the battlefield. Governments allegedly exist to resolve disputes, conflicts and truth. Governments allegedly exist to be substitutes for the dueling field and the battlefield for so disputes, conflicts of affidavits of truth are resolved peaceably, reasonably instead of by violence. So people can take their disputes into court and have them all opened up and resolved, instead of going out and marching ten paces and turning to kill or injure. Legal Maxim: “He who does not repel a wrong when he can, occasions it”.

9. SACRIFICE IS THE MEASURE OF CREDIBILITY (NO WILLINGNESS TO SACRIFICE = NO LIABILITY, RESPONSIBILITY, AUTHORITY OR MEASURE OF CONVICTION). Nothing ventured nothing gained. A person must put himself on the line assume a position, take a stand, as regards the matter at hand. and One cannot realize the potential gain without also exposing himself to thew potential of loss. (One who is not damaged, put at risk, or willing to swear an oath on his commercial liability to claim authority) (Acts 7, life/death of Stephen). for the truth of his statements and legitimacy of his actions has no basis to assert claims or charges and forfeits all credibility and right Legal Maxim: “He who bears the burden ought also to derive the benefit”.

10. SATISFACTION OF A LIEN. In commerce a lien or claim can be satisfied in any one of three ways. (Gen. 2-3; Mat. 4; Revelation.).

By someone rebutting your affidavit, with another affidavit of his own, point by point, until the matter is resolved as to whose is correct, in case of non-resolution.
You convene a Sheriff’s common law jury, based on the Seventh Amendment, concerning a dispute involving a claim of more than $20. Or, you can use three disinterested parties to make judgment.
The only other way to satisfy a lien is to pay it.

Legal Maxim: “if the plaintiff does not prove his case, the defendant is absolved”.

10. So, the tenth maxim of law is: A LIEN OR CLAIM CAN BE SATISFIED ONLY THROUGH REBUTTABLE BY AFFIDAVIT POINT BY POINT, RESOLUTION BY JURY, OR PAYMENT.

Commercial Law is non-judicial. This is pre-judicial (not prejudice). This is timeless. This is the base, the foundation beneath which any government or any of their court systems can possibly exist or function.
That means what the courts are doing, and what all governments are ultimately adjudicating and making rules about, are these basic rules of Commercial Law. When you go into court and place your hand on the Bible you say, “I swear the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth . . .” you have just sworn a Commercial Affidavit.

It’s the conflict between Commercial Affidavits of Truth that gives the court something to talk about, that forms the entire basis of its action, and its being there , in their venue. Hence, one of the reasons attorneys always create controversy.

No court and no judge can overturn or disregard or abrogate somebody’s Affidavit of Truth. The only one who has any capacity or right or responsibility or knowledge to rebut your Affidavit of Truth is the one who is adversely affected by it. It’s his job, his right, his responsibility to speak for himself. To issue his own affidavit because no one can speak it for him. No one else can know what your truth is or has the free-will responsibility to state it. This is YOUR job.

Commercial law, also known as business law or mercantile law, is a branch of legal practice that governs the rights, relations, and conduct of businesses and individuals involved in commerce, trade, and industry. To navigate the complexities of commercial transactions and disputes, legal professionals rely on a set of foundational principles known as maxims. These maxims serve as guiding principles that help ensure fairness, predictability, and consistency in commercial law. Here are 10 essential maxims in commercial law, each explained in detail:

Caveat Emptor (Let the Buyer Beware): This maxim places the responsibility on the buyer to exercise due diligence and caution when purchasing goods and services. It implies that buyers should be aware of the risks involved in a transaction and seek appropriate information and assurances before entering into an agreement. Sellers are generally not obligated to disclose hidden defects or issues unless there is a specific legal requirement to do so.
Pacta Sunt Servanda (Agreements Must Be Kept): This Latin maxim emphasizes the fundamental principle of contract law that parties to a valid contract are bound to fulfill their obligations as agreed upon. It underscores the importance of honoring the terms and conditions of a contract and provides the basis for enforcing contracts in commercial transactions.
Nemo Debet Bis Vexari Pro Una Et Eadem Causa (No One Should Be Twice Harassed for the Same Cause): Often referred to as the principle of double jeopardy, this maxim prevents individuals or entities from being subjected to multiple legal proceedings or punishments for the same offense or cause. It promotes finality and prevents abuse of legal processes.
Qui Facit Per Alium Facit Per Se (He Who Acts Through Another Acts Personally): This maxim underscores the principle of agency in commercial law. It means that actions taken on behalf of an individual or entity by an authorized agent or representative are legally attributed to the principal. This principle helps clarify who is responsible for contractual obligations and liabilities in agency relationships.
Res Ipsa Loquitur (The Thing Speaks for Itself): This maxim is often applied in cases of negligence or product liability. It suggests that if an injury or harm occurs due to the defendant’s control or ownership of a product or premises, and the cause of the harm is so obvious that it speaks for itself, the burden of proof may shift to the defendant to explain or justify the circumstances.
Actus Non Facit Reum Nisi Mens Sit Rea (An Act Does Not Make a Person Guilty Unless There Is a Guilty Mind): This maxim highlights the importance of both the wrongful act (actus reus) and the guilty intent (mens rea) in establishing criminal liability. In commercial law, this principle is relevant in cases involving fraud, embezzlement, and other white-collar crimes.
Lex Loci Contractus (The Law of the Place of Contract): This maxim refers to the principle that the law governing a contract is generally determined by the jurisdiction where the contract was formed or executed. It provides predictability and stability in commercial transactions by specifying the applicable legal framework.
Fura Void in Pari Delicto (No Assistance for a Wrongdoer): This maxim reflects the principle that courts will generally not provide remedies or assistance to parties who are engaged in illegal or wrongful activities. It discourages collusion or participation in illegal schemes by denying legal relief to those involved in such activities.
Ex Turpi Causa Non Oritur Action (No Right of Action Arises from an Immoral or Illegal Cause): This maxim reinforces the idea that courts will not enforce contracts or grant remedies when the underlying cause of action is based on immoral or illegal conduct. It upholds public policy and encourages lawful and ethical behavior in commercial dealings.
Res Judicata (A Matter Already Decided): Res judicata is a doctrine that prevents the same parties from re-litigating the same issue or claim that has already been conclusively decided by a competent court. This maxim promotes finality in legal proceedings and prevents endless litigation over the same disputes.

These maxims are fundamental to the practice of commercial law, providing a framework for understanding and resolving various legal issues that arise in the world of business and commerce. Legal professionals use these principles to interpret contracts, assess liability, and guide their clients in navigating the complexities of commercial transactions and disputes. Understanding these maxims is essential for anyone involved in commercial activities, from business owners and managers to legal practitioners and scholars.

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